Bar / Stretched TFT LCD Displays for Space-Efficient Designs

Modern devices demand displays that fit perfectly — not the other way around.

DisplayMan’s Bar / Stretched TFT LCD Displays combine ultra-wide aspect ratios, high brightness, and industrial reliability to deliver maximum information in minimal space.

Engineered for OEMs who need slim, panoramic, or custom aspect displays, these modules provide superior readability and flexibility — from retail shelves and dashboards to vending machines and transportation signage.

8.9 inch ips 480x1920 bar type tft mipi interface high brightness medical lcd with capacitive touch

🖼️ Showcase of DisplayMan Bar / Stretched TFT LCD Displays

Discover DisplayMan’s advanced lineup of bar-type and stretched TFT LCD modules, engineered for applications where traditional display formats simply don’t fit.

From automotive dashboards and industrial control panels to smart vending machines, ticketing systems, and digital signage, these ultra-wide displays offer exceptional versatility, high brightness, and crisp visibility from every angle.

Our showcase highlights the full spectrum of available sizes, aspect ratios, resolutions, and customization options — including touch integration, high-brightness enhancements, ruggedized structures, and custom FPC/interface designs.

Whether you need a standard plug-and-play model or a fully custom stretched display built around your product’s mechanical constraints, this collection presents the core capabilities that DisplayMan brings to modern narrow-format display design.

Explore the wide possibilities of ultra-wide displays — built for space-constrained layouts, premium UI design, and next-generation industrial applications.

SpecificationDetails
Product Name6.8″ 480×1280 IPS High Brightness Bar-Type TFT LCD with Capacitive Touch
Part NumberKD068HDFID009-C009A
Display Type / ModeIPS TFT LCD, Transmissive, Normally Black
Resolution480 × 1280
Brightness2000 cd/m²
Touch PanelCapacitive Touch (G+F+F), GT9271 Driver
Interface2-Lane MIPI (Display), IIC (Touch)
Active Area60.19 × 160.51 mm
Input Voltage3.3V
Operating Temperature–20°C to +70°C
SpecificationDetails
Product Name7.0″ 280×1424 High Brightness Industrial Bar-Type IPS TFT LCD (Mini-HDMI)
Part NumberKD070WXFID094-CP001A-HDMI
Display Type / ModeIPS TFT LCD, Transmissive, Normally Black
Resolution280 × 1424
Brightness900 cd/m²
Touch PanelNo Touch
InterfaceMini-HDMI
Active Area33.60 × 170.88 mm
Input Voltage5V
Operating Temperature–20°C to +70°C
SpecificationDetails
Product Name7.84″ 400×1280 High Brightness Bar-Type TFT LCD with Capacitive Touch & HDMI Board
Part NumberKD078HDFID004-C004A-SP001A-HDMI
Display Type / ModeIPS TFT LCD, Transmissive, Normally Black
Resolution400 × 1280
Brightness800 cd/m²
Touch PanelCapacitive Touch (G+F+F), GT9271 Driver
InterfaceHDMI (Display), Micro USB (Touch)
Active Area59.40 × 190.08 mm
Input VoltageDC 12V
Operating Temperature–20°C to +70°C
SpecificationDetails
Product Name8.6″ 600×1600 IPS Industrial Bar-Type TFT LCD with Capacitive Touch
Part NumberKD086UXFID002-C001A
Display Type / ModeIPS TFT LCD, Transmissive, Normally Black
Resolution600 × 1600
Brightness300 cd/m²
Touch PanelCapacitive Touch (G+G), GT9271 Driver
Interface4-Lane MIPI (Display), I2C (Touch)
Active Area76.36 × 203.62 mm
Input Voltage2.8V
Operating Temperature–20°C to +70°C
SpecificationDetails
Product Name10.1″ 480×1920 IPS High Brightness TFT LCD Module with Capacitive Touch & HDMI Board
Part NumberKD101FHFID031-C037A-CP001A-HDMI
Display Type / ModeIPS TFT LCD, Transmissive, Normally Black
Resolution480 × 1920
Brightness900 cd/m²
Touch PanelCapacitive Touch (G+G), GF1155 Driver
InterfaceMini-HDMI (Display), Micro USB (Touch)
Active Area57.95 × 252.86 mm
Input Voltage5V
Operating Temperature–20°C to +70°C
SpecificationDetails
Product Name10.4″ 1024×100 Industrial TN Bar-Type TFT LCD (RGB Interface)
Part NumberKD104WSTPA-001
Display Type / ModeTN TFT LCD, Transmissive, Normally White
Resolution1024 × 100
Brightness450 cd/m²
Touch PanelNo Touch
Interface24-bit RGB
Active Area264.19 × 25.80 mm
Input Voltage3.3V
Operating Temperature0°C to +50°C
SpecificationDetails
Product Name13.5″ 1280×235 IPS High Brightness Bar-Type TFT LCD
Part NumberKD135HDFLA001
Display Type / ModeIPS TFT LCD, Normally Black
Resolution1280 × 235
Brightness1000 cd/m²
Touch PanelNo Touch
InterfaceLVDS
Active Area337.92 × 62.04 mm
Input Voltage3.3V
Operating Temperature0°C to +50°C
SpecificationDetails
Product Name13.5″ 1280×235 IPS High Brightness Bar-Type TFT LCD with Capacitive Touch
Part NumberKD135HDFLA001-C001A
Display Type / ModeIPS TFT LCD, Normally Black
Resolution1280 × 235
Brightness800 cd/m²
Touch PanelCapacitive Touch (G+G), ILI2511 Driver
InterfaceLVDS (Display), USB/IIC/RS232 (Touch)
Active Area337.92 × 62.04 mm
Input Voltage3.3V
Operating Temperature0°C to +50°C
Key SpecificationDetails
Product Name15.0″ 1280×242 IPS High Brightness Bar-Type TFT LCD
Part NumberKD150HDFLA007
Display TechnologyIPS TFT LCD, Transmissive, Normally Black
Resolution1280 × 242
Brightness1200 cd/m²
Touch PanelNone
Interface TypeLVDS
Active Area (W×H)374.78 × 70.86 mm
Input Voltage3.3V
Operating Temperature0°C to +50°C
 
Key SpecificationDetails
Product Name16.7″ 1920×540 IPS High Brightness Bar-Type TFT LCD
Part NumberKD167FHFLA001
Display TechnologyIPS TFT LCD, Normally Black
Resolution1920 × 540
Brightness1200 cd/m²
Touch PanelNone
Interface TypeLVDS
Active Area (W×H)408.96 × 115.02 mm
Input Voltage5V
Operating Temperature–20°C to +70°C
SpecificationDetails
Product Name20.8″ 1920×184 IPS Full Viewing Angle Bar-Type TFT LCD Module
Part NumberKD208FHFLA001
Display Type / ModeIPS TFT LCD, Transmissive, Normally Black
Resolution1920 × 184
Brightness500 cd/m²
Touch PanelNo Touch
InterfaceDual-Channel LVDS
Active Area527.04 × 50.60 mm
Input Voltage5V
Operating Temperature0°C to +50°C
SpecificationDetails
Product Name28″ 1920×360 IPS Bar-Type TFT LCD Module (Full Viewing Angle)
Part NumberKD280FM-1
Display Type / ModeIPS TFT LCD, Transmissive, Normally Black
Resolution1920 × 360
Brightness700 cd/m²
Touch PanelNo Touch
Interface4-Lane LVDS
Active Area698.40 × 130.95 mm
Input Voltage12V
Operating Temperature0°C to +50°C

Stretched TFT LCD Modules for Narrow Spaces and Custom OEM Display Designs

DisplayMan supplies Bar Type TFT LCD Displays, also called stretched TFT LCDs or ultra-wide LCD modules, for products where a standard 16:9 or 4:3 screen cannot fit the mechanical design.

Typical applications include vending machines, shelf-edge displays, elevator panels, transportation systems, industrial control strips, retail fixtures, commercial terminals and custom OEM equipment.

For most projects, an existing standard bar LCD is the first choice. Laser-cut or resized TFT LCD solutions are reviewed only when the required size or opening cannot be matched by standard modules.

A Bar Type TFT LCD Project Can Include

  • Standard long and narrow TFT LCD modules
  • Horizontal or vertical installation
  • Capacitive or resistive touch integration
  • High-brightness backlight options
  • AG, AR or AF cover glass
  • Optical bonding or air bonding
  • LVDS, HDMI, MIPI, RGB or controller-board review
  • Project-based laser-cut or resized LCD feasibility
Core Product Positioning

Choose Bar Type TFT LCD Displays when the product requires a long, narrow or space-efficient display format that cannot be solved by a standard rectangular TFT LCD.

Choose Standard Bar LCD First, Review Resizing Only When Necessary

Product DirectionBest ForSelection Logic
Standard Bar Type TFT LCD ModulesVending machines, shelf displays, elevators, transportation panels and industrial equipmentFirst choice when an existing long and narrow LCD size fits the product
Bar TFT LCD with Touch PanelInteractive terminals, vending UI, control panels and commercial equipmentStandard bar LCD integrated with capacitive or resistive touch
High Brightness Bar TFT LCDBright retail environments, vending machines and outdoor-facing equipmentSelected when stronger visibility is required
Bar TFT LCD with Controller BoardHDMI, LVDS or PC-based integration projectsUsed when the customer needs easier signal input or system connection
Laser-Cut / Resized TFT LCD Bar DisplaysSpecial mechanical openings, large ultra-wide areas and non-standard bar shapesReviewed only when standard bar modules cannot meet the required size or shape
Practical Selection Rule

Use a standard Bar Type TFT LCD module whenever an existing size can fit the product. Use laser-cut or resized TFT LCD only when the required shape, size or mechanical opening cannot be solved by standard modules.

Reference Bar Type TFT LCD Lineup

The following modules are reference examples. Final availability, LCD model, dimensions, brightness, interface, touch structure and long-term supply must be reconfirmed for each project.

Reference Size Resolution Reference Brightness Touch Option Reference Interface Typical Use
6.8" Bar TFT LCD480 × 12802000 cd/m²Capacitive touchMIPICompact vertical terminals, handheld devices and embedded equipment
7.0" Bar TFT LCD280 × 1424900 cd/m²No touchMini-HDMINarrow industrial panels and special equipment layouts
7.84" Bar TFT LCD400 × 1280800 cd/m²Capacitive touchHDMI + USB touchSmart terminals, compact HMI and equipment panels
8.6" Bar TFT LCD600 × 1600300 cd/m²Capacitive touchMIPIEmbedded devices and vertical interface products
10.1" Bar TFT LCD480 × 1920900 cd/m²Capacitive touchMini-HDMI + USB touchVending machines, commercial terminals and control systems
10.4" Bar TFT LCD1024 × 100450 cd/m²No touchRGBLong narrow instrument panels and industrial display strips
13.5" Bar TFT LCD1280 × 235800–1000 cd/m²Optional touchLVDSShelf displays, retail panels and machine interfaces
15.0" Bar TFT LCD1280 × 2421200 cd/m²No touchLVDSVending, transportation and high-brightness equipment displays
16.7" Bar TFT LCD1920 × 5401200 cd/m²OptionalLVDSWider commercial panels and information displays
20.8" Bar TFT LCD1920 × 184500 cd/m²No touchDual LVDSLong strip displays and industrial information panels
28.0" Bar TFT LCD1920 × 360700 cd/m²No touchLVDSLarge shelf displays, signage strips and commercial equipment
Reference Data Is Not a Final Quotation Specification

Selection must also consider outline dimensions, active area, FPC position, connector, voltage, viewing direction, mounting, backlight, touch structure, operating temperature and lifecycle.

What Is a Bar Type TFT LCD?

Long and Narrow Active Area

Provides a stretched horizontal or vertical display area for products with limited height or width.

Mechanical-Space Driven

Often selected when the product structure is already fixed and the display must fit a narrow opening.

Content Designed for a Strip

Suitable for status bars, menus, machine data, shelf information, directions and narrow user interfaces.

Core Line

Bar Type TFT LCD Displays are selected when the product requires a long, narrow or space-efficient screen shape that a normal TFT LCD cannot provide.

Standard Bar LCD Modules First, Laser-Cut Resizing When Necessary

First Choice

Standard Bar TFT LCD Modules

Existing bar LCD modules normally provide better cost control, lower risk, faster delivery and easier integration.

  • Existing LCD and backlight structure
  • Known interface and timing
  • Easier touch and cover-glass integration
  • Lower process and yield risk
  • More practical for small and medium projects
Project-Based Review

Laser-Cut / Resized TFT LCD

Reviewed when the mechanical opening, required height or width, or large ultra-wide format cannot be solved by standard bar modules.

  • Special ultra-wide display area
  • Fixed non-standard mechanical opening
  • Custom display cabinet or equipment structure
  • Large-format bar display requirement
  • Project value that supports deeper engineering
Small Displays Are Not Automatically Better Candidates for Cutting

Selected small panels may be resized, but standard modules are normally preferred because cutting adds edge sealing, backlight redesign, controller matching, cost and process risk.

Engineering Limits of Laser-Cut Bar LCD Resizing

Laser-cut LCD resizing is not the same as freely cutting any LCD into any shape. Feasibility depends on the internal glass and circuit structure.

Driver-Side Limitation

The driver IC and circuit side normally remain a hard limit. A panel may be reduced only from technically suitable directions.

Cutting Direction

Cut direction depends on circuit layout, seal area, active area and the remaining glass structure.

Edge Sealing

The newly cut glass edge requires controlled sealing to protect the liquid-crystal structure.

Backlight Redesign

The backlight, frame and optical films may need redesign or adjustment to match the resized panel.

Controller Matching

Resolution, timing and controller direction must remain compatible with the resized LCD structure.

Yield and Handling Risk

Larger panels bring higher handling, cutting, sealing, backlight and transportation risk.

Resizing May Make Sense WhenResizing Is Usually Not Recommended When
The customer's opening is fixedA standard bar module already fits
No standard bar LCD matches the required shapeThe project quantity is too low for engineering setup
The project needs a large ultra-wide displayThe mechanical design can use an existing standard size
The display belongs to a custom cabinet or equipment structureThe customer expects standard-module pricing
The project value supports deeper engineeringThe project cannot accept longer lead time or yield risk
The customer accepts project-based feasibility reviewThe environment cannot support proper sealing and protection
Selected Large-Panel Classes May Be Reviewed

Project-based resizing can be reviewed for selected larger TFT LCD panels, but the feasible cut direction, driver side, structure, handling, sealing and final dimensions must be evaluated from the exact panel.

Why Use a Bar Type LCD?

Fits Narrow Mechanical Spaces

Uses long and narrow areas where a standard screen would waste space or interfere with the product structure.

Better Information Layout

Suitable for menus, machine status, navigation, shelf information, advertisements and strip-style user interfaces.

Vending and Retail Integration

Fits limited front-panel space in vending machines, retail fixtures and commercial equipment.

Horizontal or Vertical Use

Can be installed in either direction when viewing angle, content and mechanical design are confirmed.

Touch and Controller Options

Selected modules can be integrated with touch, custom glass and controller boards.

Special Resizing Direction

Selected panels can be reviewed for resizing when standard bar modules cannot fit the application.

Custom Bar LCD Support

  • Standard bar LCD selection
  • Laser-cut or resized feasibility
  • Horizontal or vertical installation
  • Brightness requirement
  • IPS or TN direction
  • Touch or non-touch configuration
  • Custom cover glass
  • AG, AR or AF treatment
  • Optical bonding
  • LVDS, RGB, MIPI or HDMI
  • Controller-board matching
  • FPC and connector position
  • Mechanical outline
  • Mounting structure
  • Operating temperature
  • Backlight structure
  • Existing LCD replacement
  • Project-based stretched-LCD review
Two Different Levels of Customization

Standard bar LCD customization is mainly integration work involving touch, glass, brightness, bonding, controllers, cables and mechanics. Laser-cut resizing is panel-level engineering involving cutting, sealing, backlight and structural changes.

Typical Applications

Vending Machines

Narrow interface displays, product information and operating menus.

Shelf-Edge Displays

Pricing, promotions, product information and retail signage strips.

Elevator Displays

Floor information, media, status and narrow architectural panels.

Transportation Panels

Railway, bus, vehicle and station information displays.

Industrial Control Strips

Machine data, status, alarms and narrow HMI interfaces.

Test Instruments

Compact data, measurement and status information areas.

Automotive Products

Dashboard, console and specialized vehicle displays.

Medical and Laboratory Equipment

Narrow information and control areas in professional equipment.

Custom OEM Equipment

Special display openings, cabinets and product-specific structures.

Product Comparisons

Bar Type TFT LCD vs Standard TFT LCD

RequirementBar Type TFT LCDStandard TFT LCD
Display ShapeLong, narrow or stretchedStandard 16:9, 4:3 or common format
Mechanical FitBetter for narrow or limited spacesBetter for normal rectangular layouts
Content StyleMenus, status bars, signage strips and machine dataGeneral UI, images, video and full-screen content
Typical UseVending, shelf, elevator, transportation and industrial stripsTablets, monitors, HMI, instruments and terminals
Selection LogicChoose when standard LCD shape does not fitChoose when a normal screen format is acceptable

Standard Bar LCD vs Laser-Cut Resized Bar LCD

FactorStandard Bar TFT LCD ModuleLaser-Cut / Resized TFT LCD Bar Display
LCD PanelExisting bar LCD moduleSelected standard TFT LCD panel modified by an engineering process
Display ShapeFixed by the existing moduleProject-based custom bar format
Cost and RiskLowerHigher
Lead TimeFasterLonger
Touch and Cover GlassEasier to addRequires project-based matching
BacklightExisting structureMay require redesign or adjustment
Best ForMost vending, shelf, elevator and industrial projectsSpecial openings, large ultra-wide displays and custom structures
Selection LogicFirst choice when size is acceptableUse only when standard modules cannot fit
Choose the Correct Product Level

Bar Type TFT LCD Module vs Complete Stretched Display Product

This page focuses on TFT LCD module-level products. A finished stretched monitor also includes a controller, power, enclosure, mounting and system-level installation design.

RequirementMore Suitable DirectionProduct Level
LCD module for OEM integrationBar Type TFT LCD DisplaysLCD module
LCD with touch, cover glass and controller boardCustomized Bar TFT LCD ModuleIntegrated display module
Finished monitor installed inside customer equipmentOpen Frame Digital SignageComplete open-frame display
Complete commercial signage screenDigital Signage DisplaysFinished commercial display
Window-facing or sunlight-readable complete displayHigh Brightness DisplaysComplete brightness-first display product
Outdoor interactive displayOutdoor Touch DisplaysComplete outdoor interactive product

How to Select the Right Bar Type TFT LCD

1

Provide the Opening and Active Area

Required width, height, visible opening, active area and whether the mechanics can be adjusted.

2

Choose Standard or Resized Direction

Start with existing bar modules and review resizing only when no standard size fits.

3

Confirm Resolution and Content

Menu, status, text, video, images, data density and horizontal or vertical orientation.

4

Define Brightness, Touch and Optics

Brightness target, touch type, cover glass, AG/AR/AF treatment and optical bonding.

5

Match Interface and Mechanics

LVDS, RGB, MIPI, HDMI, FPC position, connector, mounting and cable direction.

6

Validate Environment and Commercial Terms

Temperature, operating hours, enclosure, heat, quantity, budget, schedule and sample testing.

When This Product Is the Right Choice

Suitable For

  • Long and narrow TFT LCD modules
  • Vertical or horizontal stretched displays
  • Vending-machine interfaces
  • Shelf-edge LCD displays
  • Elevator display modules
  • Transportation information displays
  • Industrial control strips
  • Bar LCD with touch panel
  • High-brightness bar LCD
  • HDMI, LVDS, RGB or MIPI integration
  • Existing stretched-LCD replacement
  • Project-based resized-LCD feasibility review

May Require Another Product Route

  • A standard 16:9 or 4:3 TFT LCD already fits
  • The content requires a normal full-screen layout
  • A complete finished monitor is required
  • A transparent display is the main requirement
  • OLED-specific image performance is required
  • The mechanical design cannot support a long module
  • The quantity is too low for special resizing
  • The required cut is not technically feasible
  • The customer expects resized-LCD pricing to equal a standard module
  • The project cannot accept additional engineering time or risk

What Information Should You Provide?

Size and Mechanical Requirement

  • Required display width and height
  • Visible opening and active area
  • Preferred screen size if known
  • Horizontal or vertical installation
  • Drawing, 3D file or enclosure opening

Display and Integration

  • Resolution and content type
  • Brightness target
  • Touch or non-touch
  • Interface and controller-board requirement
  • Cover glass and optical bonding

Environment and Commercial

  • Operating temperature
  • Indoor, outdoor-facing or outdoor use
  • Mechanical and thermal limitations
  • Existing LCD model if replacing
  • Quantity, destination and schedule
Special Requirement for Resized LCD Projects

Provide the required opening size and explain whether the mechanical design can be adjusted. This helps determine whether a standard bar module, a resized TFT LCD or another display structure is the most practical solution.

FAQ

What is a Bar Type TFT LCD Display?

A Bar Type TFT LCD Display is a stretched or narrow-format TFT LCD module used when a standard 16:9 or 4:3 display cannot fit the product design.

Is a Bar Type TFT LCD the same as a stretched LCD?

Yes. Bar Type TFT LCD, stretched LCD and ultra-wide LCD are commonly used to describe similar long-format display modules.

Should I choose a standard bar LCD or a laser-cut resized LCD?

Choose a standard bar LCD first when an existing module can fit the product. Laser-cut or resized LCD should be reviewed only when the required size, shape or opening cannot be solved by standard bar modules.

Why are standard bar LCD modules usually recommended first?

Standard bar LCD modules normally provide better cost control, lower process risk, faster delivery, easier touch integration and more stable long-term supply than resized LCD projects.

Can small TFT LCD panels be cut?

Selected small TFT LCD panels may be resized in some cases, but this is normally not the first recommendation because cutting increases cost, process risk, edge-sealing work, backlight redesign and integration complexity.

Can large TFT LCD panels be resized into bar displays?

Selected large TFT LCD panels can be reviewed for bar-type resizing. Feasibility depends on panel structure, cutting direction, driver position, edge sealing, backlight design, controller matching, handling risk and project quantity.

Can any TFT LCD be cut into any size?

No. LCD resizing has physical and electrical limits. Driver circuits, IC position, glass structure, cutting direction and the remaining active area must be reviewed before feasibility can be confirmed.

Can a Bar Type TFT LCD be installed vertically?

Yes. Many bar LCD modules can be used vertically or horizontally, subject to viewing angle, content orientation, backlight structure, touch direction and mechanical design.

Can you provide capacitive touch integration?

Yes. Capacitive touch, custom cover glass, printed borders, controller and bonding can be reviewed for selected bar LCD modules.

Can you provide resistive touch?

Yes. Resistive touch can be reviewed for selected industrial, stylus or gloved-hand applications.

Can you provide HDMI input?

Some bar LCD modules can be supplied with an HDMI controller-board option. Other modules may use LVDS, MIPI, RGB or another native interface.

Can the brightness be customized?

High-brightness and backlight directions can be reviewed for suitable projects. Final feasibility depends on panel size, optical structure, power, heat, mechanical space, lifetime target and quantity.

Can optical bonding be provided?

Yes. Optical bonding can be reviewed to reduce the air gap, improve contrast and support front-glass integration in bright or touch applications.

Can Bar Type TFT LCDs be used in vending machines?

Yes. Vending machines are one of the most common applications for bar LCD modules, especially when the display must fit into a narrow front-panel area.

Can Bar Type TFT LCDs be used for shelf-edge displays?

Yes. Long horizontal bar LCD modules are suitable for shelf-edge displays, retail information strips and commercial fixtures.

Can Bar Type TFT LCDs be used outdoors?

The LCD module itself is not a complete waterproof outdoor product. Outdoor use requires a suitable enclosure, sealing, thermal design, optical treatment, cover glass and electrical protection.

What is the difference between a Bar Type TFT LCD module and a complete stretched monitor?

A Bar Type TFT LCD module is a component for OEM integration. A complete stretched monitor also includes a controller, power input, enclosure, mounting structure and system-level installation design.

What information is required for quotation?

Please provide the required width and height, active area, resolution, installation direction, brightness, touch, interface, cover glass, operating temperature, mechanical space, environment, quantity and schedule. For resized projects, also provide the opening drawing or 3D file.

Start Your Bar Type TFT LCD Project

Send us the required size, active area, resolution, installation direction, brightness, touch, interface, cover glass, mechanical limitations, environment, quantity and schedule.

DisplayMan will first review whether a standard Bar Type TFT LCD module fits the project. Laser-cut or resized LCD will be considered only when a standard module cannot meet the required shape or opening.

Standard bar LCD modules are the first choice. Resized TFT LCD is a project-based panel-engineering solution with additional feasibility, cost, yield and lead-time considerations.

Send Your Display Requirement

Please share your application, display size, quantity and project background. We will review the most practical display direction.