Choose indoor LED pixel pitch around the real viewing distance. P1.25 is often the best-value starting point for close viewing; P1.53–P2.5 serve projects viewed from farther away.
COB0.78 and COB0.9 are available for uncommon ultra-fine-pitch requirements where the higher project cost is justified.
Select pixel pitch primarily from viewing distance. For close-view indoor installations, P1.25 is often the best cost-to-performance starting point. COB0.78 and COB0.9 are the smallest-pitch references, but they are uncommon, higher-cost options. COB1.25 and COB1.56 are also available; K, N, T and THH provide other cabinet formats.
DisplayMan’s P-Series is a standard Indoor Fine Pitch LED product line covering P1.25, P1.53, P1.86, P2.0 and P2.5. These displays are designed for seamless indoor video walls in control rooms, boardrooms, showrooms, broadcast studios, retail spaces, exhibitions and other professional interiors.
Indoor Fine Pitch LED Displays are also widely described as Indoor Small Spacing LED Displays. Both terms refer to modular LED video walls using small pixel pitches for close and medium viewing distances.
The P-Series uses a standardized 320 × 160 mm module platform and matching 640 × 480 mm-class cabinets, making it suitable for repeatable project design, quotation, installation and spare-parts planning.
P1.25 / P1.53 / P1.86 / P2.0 / P2.5
Start with viewing distance. For close indoor viewing, assess P1.25 first for value; move to a larger pitch as viewing distance increases. Ultra-fine COB0.78 / COB0.9 requires a specific visual need and a higher budget.
These five standard pixel pitches form the core P-Series. The product platform stays consistent while pixel density, scan mode, cabinet resolution, refresh rate and power change by pitch.
| Pixel Pitch | Module Size | Module Resolution | Refresh Rate | Cabinet Size | Cabinet Resolution | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P1.25 | 320 × 160 mm | 256 × 128 | ≥3840 Hz | 640 × 480 × 63.5 mm | 512 × 384 | Control rooms, broadcast studios, high-detail data visualization and premium close-view walls |
| P1.53 | 320 × 160 mm | 208 × 104 | ≥3840 Hz | 640 × 480 × 63 mm | 416 × 312 | Boardrooms, executive meeting spaces, showrooms and premium presentation walls |
| P1.86 | 320 × 160 mm | 172 × 86 | ≥3840 Hz | 640 × 480 × 63 mm | 344 × 256 | Retail, exhibitions, commercial video walls and multi-purpose indoor displays |
| P2.0 | 320 × 160 mm | 160 × 80 | ≥3840 Hz | 640 × 480 × 63 mm | 320 × 240 | Conference halls, training rooms, monitoring and enterprise display systems |
| P2.5 | 320 × 160 mm | 160 × 80* | ≥1920–3840 Hz | 640 × 480 × 63 mm | 256 × 192 | Large indoor signage, malls, public interiors and longer-distance viewing |
The source specification lists P2.5 module resolution as 160 × 80 while the matching 640 × 480 cabinet is listed as 256 × 192. Because these two source values do not map consistently, the P2.5 module-resolution figure should be reconfirmed in the final project / contract specification before order.
The COB family covers four reference models in the supplied specification. COB0.78 and COB0.9 have the smallest pitches in this range, but are uncommon and more expensive, so select them only when the close-view detail or resolution requirement justifies the cost. All use a 600 × 337.5 × 30 mm cabinet. This cabinet platform is separate from the P-Series 320 × 160 mm modules and 640 × 480 mm-class cabinets; a COB1.25 project and a P1.25 project should therefore be quoted as different product configurations.
| Specification | COB0.78 | COB0.9 | COB1.25 | COB1.56 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cabinet size (W × H × D) | 600 × 337.5 × 30 mm | 600 × 337.5 × 30 mm | 600 × 337.5 × 30 mm | 600 × 337.5 × 30 mm |
| Cabinet resolution | 768 × 432 pixels | 640 × 360 pixels | 480 × 270 pixels | 384 × 216 pixels |
| Driving method | 1/54 scan | 1/60 scan | 1/45 scan | 1/54 scan |
| Cabinet weight | 5.1 kg | 5.1 kg | 5.1 kg | 5.1 kg |
| Signal input / protection | RJ45 / IP5X | RJ45 / IP5X | RJ45 / IP5X | RJ45 / IP5X |
| Brightness / contrast | ≥500 cd/m² / ≥8000:1 | ≥500 cd/m² / ≥8000:1 | ≥500 cd/m² / ≥8000:1 | ≥500 cd/m² / ≥8000:1 |
| Grayscale / refresh | ≥14 bit / ≥3840 Hz | ≥14 bit / ≥3840 Hz | ≥14 bit / ≥3840 Hz | ≥14 bit / ≥3840 Hz |
| Input voltage | AC 110–220 V | AC 110–220 V | AC 110–220 V | AC 110–220 V |
| Peak / average power per cabinet | ≤150 W / 50–80 W | ≤120 W / 30–45 W | ≤100 W / 25–40 W | ≤95 W / 20–35 W |
| Operating environment | −10 to 60 °C; 35–75% RH, non-condensing | −10 to 60 °C; 35–75% RH, non-condensing | −10 to 60 °C; 35–75% RH, non-condensing | −10 to 60 °C; 35–75% RH, non-condensing |
COB0.78, COB0.9, COB1.25 and COB1.56 are indoor COB cabinet references. Confirm the final cabinet, power, control and installation specification against the project contract datasheet; the supplied specification notes that parameters may vary by project.
Use the P-Series as the main modular product range. For close indoor viewing, evaluate P1.25 first for cost-to-performance; review COB0.78 or COB0.9 only when finer pitch is needed and the higher cost is acceptable. The remaining cabinet families primarily provide different installation dimensions and profiles, while their model ranges and optical specifications also vary.
| Series | Reference pitches / models | Physical format | Selection direction |
|---|---|---|---|
| P-Series · Main range | P1.25, P1.53, P1.86, P2.0, P2.5 | 320 × 160 mm modules; approx. 640 × 480 × 63–63.5 mm matched cabinets | Start here for standard modular indoor LED walls and pitch selection. |
| COB · Minimum pitch | COB0.78, COB0.9, COB1.25, COB1.56 | 600 × 337.5 × 30 mm cabinets | Specialized, higher-cost option for projects that genuinely require the smallest pitch. |
| K | K1.25, K1.53, K1.86, K2.5 | 640 × 480 × 49 mm cabinets | Same 640 × 480 mm footprint as the P-Series reference cabinet with a different depth and cabinet specification. |
| N | N1.25, N1.53, N1.86, N2.5 | 640 × 360 × 30 mm cabinets | Wide 16:9 cabinet format and thin 30 mm profile for size-constrained layouts. |
| T | T0.9375, T1.25, T1.5625, T1.875 | 600 × 337.5 × 52 mm cabinets | 16:9 cabinet format, including a pitch below 1 mm without using the COB0.78 model. |
| THH | THH1.25 and THH1.667 explicitly named in source sheet | 400 × 300 × 62 mm cabinets | Compact 4:3 cabinet footprint for installations built around smaller cabinet dimensions. |
Cabinet dimensions are reference values from the supplied series specifications. Model availability, cabinet matrix, resolution, maintenance access and final electrical/optical parameters should be confirmed on the project specification before quotation or order.
| Pitch | Module Size | Source Module Resolution | Scan Mode | Signal Interface | Power Connector | Protection |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P1.25 | 320 × 160 mm | 256 × 128 | 1/64 | HUB320 | 4P / 90° | IP3X |
| P1.53 | 320 × 160 mm | 208 × 104 | 1/52 | HUB75 | 4P / 90° | IP3X |
| P1.86 | 320 × 160 mm | 172 × 86 | 1/43 | HUB75 | 4P / 90° | IP3X |
| P2.0 | 320 × 160 mm | 160 × 80 | 1/40 | HUB75 | 4P / 90° | IP3X |
| P2.5 | 320 × 160 mm | 160 × 80* | 1/32 | HUB75 | 4P / 90° | IP3X |
| Parameter | Reference Specification | Applies To |
|---|---|---|
| Brightness | ≤500 cd/m² | All P-series reference models |
| Grayscale | ≥13 bit | All P-series reference models |
| Color Temperature | 6500K–8500K | All P-series reference models |
| Contrast | ≤4000:1 | As stated in source specification |
| Brightness Adjustment | Manual / automatic / software-controlled | All P-series reference models |
| Frame Rate | 60 fps | All P-series reference models |
| Point-by-Point Calibration | Brightness + chromaticity calibration | All P-series reference models |
| Pitch | Working Voltage | Peak Power | Average Power | Refresh Rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| P1.25 | DC 4.5–5 V | ≤25 W / module | 10–15 W / module | ≥3840 Hz |
| P1.53 | DC 4.5–5 V | ≤15 W / module | 8–10 W / module | ≥3840 Hz |
| P1.86 | DC 4.5–5 V | ≤13.5 W / module | 5–10 W / module | ≥3840 Hz |
| P2.0 | DC 4.5–5 V | ≤12 W / module | 5–10 W / module | ≥3840 Hz |
| P2.5 | DC 4.5–5 V | ≤12 W / module | 5–10 W / module | ≥1920–3840 Hz |
| Parameter | Reference Specification |
|---|---|
| Operating Temperature | -10°C to +60°C |
| Operating Humidity | 35%–75% RH, non-condensing |
| Usage Environment | Indoor |
| Module Protection | IP3X |
| Cabinet Protection | IP5X |
LED parameters can vary with module version, driver IC, receiving-card configuration and project requirements. Final production specifications should be confirmed in the project datasheet / contract specification.
A smaller P value means a finer pixel grid and generally better detail at the same screen size. Select pitch primarily from the actual viewing distance. For close-view indoor projects, P1.25 is often the strongest value; finer COB0.78 / COB0.9 is uncommon and costs more.
| Pixel Pitch | Initial Viewing-Distance Guide* | Best Content / Applications | Selection Logic |
|---|---|---|---|
| P1.25 | About 2.5 m | Fine text, dense data, high-resolution dashboards | Often the best cost-to-performance starting point for close indoor viewing |
| P1.53 | About 3.1 m | Boardrooms, showrooms, premium presentation | Move up in pitch when the viewing distance and content allow |
| P1.86 | About 3.7 m | Retail, exhibitions, commercial video walls | Versatile medium-distance commercial option |
| P2.0 | About 4 m | Conference, training, monitoring | Practical clarity / cost balance for longer viewing |
| P2.5 | About 5 m; often 5–6 m in project experience | Large signage, malls, public interiors | More economical at longer indoor viewing distances; confirm at the site |
*The initial figures use an industry rule of thumb: viewing distance in meters ≈ 2 × pixel pitch in millimeters. They are approximate selection guides, not fixed minimum distances or a promise that no viewer can distinguish individual pixels. Content, text size, visual acuity and screen resolution affect the result.
When viewers are close, evaluate P1.25 first. As viewing distance increases, a larger pitch may meet the visual requirement more economically. As a practical example, P2.5 is commonly assessed at about 5 m under this rule, matching our 5–6 m project experience for a visually smoother image. A comfortable image is not identical to a guarantee that every individual pixel is imperceptible; fine text, eyesight, content and site conditions still matter. Only specify COB0.78 or COB0.9 if a smaller pitch is necessary and the premium project cost is justified.
A P-Series project has three levels: the LED module, the LED cabinet and the complete video-wall system. Understanding these levels avoids the common mistake of treating “module”, “cabinet” and “screen” as the same product.
The 320 × 160 mm module is the basic image-building unit.
Multiple modules are installed into a 640 × 480 mm-class cabinet with signal and power electronics.
Multiple cabinets form the final indoor display system.
The P-Series module is the core display component, but a professional project must be designed and quoted as a complete system.
| Pitch | Cabinet Size | Cabinet Resolution | Signal Input | Power Terminal | Protection |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P1.25 | 640 × 480 × 63.5 mm | 512 × 384 | RJ45 | 3 × U-shaped terminal | IP5X |
| P1.53 | 640 × 480 × 63 mm | 416 × 312 | RJ45 | 3 × U-shaped terminal | IP5X |
| P1.86 | 640 × 480 × 63 mm | 344 × 256 | RJ45 | 3 × U-shaped terminal | IP5X |
| P2.0 | 640 × 480 × 63 mm | 320 × 240 | RJ45 | 3 × U-shaped terminal | IP5X |
| P2.5 | 640 × 480 × 63 mm | 256 × 192 | RJ45 | 3 × U-shaped terminal | IP5X |
Screen size: calculated from cabinet quantity and orientation.
Total resolution: calculated from cabinet resolution × cabinet matrix.
Processor: selected according to final total pixels, signal sources and content layout.
Maintenance: front or rear service access should be confirmed before structural design.
LED modules and cabinets create one continuous visual canvas without the fixed panel bezels of an LCD video wall.
The reference specification lists ≥13-bit grayscale for the P1.25–P2.5 product family.
P1.25–P2.0 are specified at ≥3840 Hz; P2.5 is specified at ≥1920–3840 Hz.
The source specification includes brightness and chromaticity point-by-point calibration for wall uniformity.
Manual, automatic and software-controlled brightness adjustment is included in the reference specification.
Modules, receiving cards, power supplies and cabinets can be serviced independently within the complete display system.
Standard P-Series modules reduce product uncertainty, while the project is customized around the screen size, cabinet matrix, structure, control system and installation.
Choose from P1.25, P1.53, P1.86, P2.0 and P2.5 according to viewing distance, content and budget.
Final width and height are calculated from cabinet/module geometry. The closest practical finished size should be confirmed before quotation.
Cabinet count × cabinet resolution determines the final wall resolution and processor load.
Fine text and dashboards may justify a smaller pitch than video-only content at the same distance.
P1.25–P2.0 reference modules are ≥3840 Hz; P2.5 is ≥1920–3840 Hz in the source specification.
Indoor brightness is ≤500 cd/m² reference, with 13-bit grayscale, 6500K–8500K color temperature and point-by-point calibration.
Front or rear maintenance strategy must be confirmed before the supporting wall and cabinet access are finalized.
Processor, sending card, receiving cards and source inputs must be sized around total wall resolution.
Peak/average module power, cabinet count and total wall area determine AC/DC distribution requirements.
Wall flatness, cabinet alignment, support tolerances and installation method influence seam visibility and final image quality.
Spare LED modules, receiving cards and power supplies should be included for long-term serviceability.
Cabinet count, spare-part quantity and destination should be reviewed together for export packing and shipment planning.
For most projects, DisplayMan uses a stable standard P-Series module and cabinet platform. Customization is mainly the overall screen size, cabinet layout, supporting frame, processor, maintenance method, cable routing, spare parts and installation rather than developing a new pixel pitch from zero.
P1.25 / P1.53 are strong directions for fine data, dashboards and close monitoring.
P1.53 / P1.86 / P2.0 can provide a seamless presentation wall for enterprise environments.
High-refresh P-Series options support professional content and camera-facing environments subject to final configuration.
P1.86 / P2.0 are practical for premium commercial walls viewed from close-to-medium distance.
Modular cabinets allow large, seamless visual surfaces to be built around booth and wall dimensions.
P2.0 / P2.5 are useful where overall screen area and longer indoor viewing distances are more important.
Indoor Fine Pitch LED video walls and indoor LCD video walls can both create large visual surfaces, but they are built very differently. Fine-pitch LED is a modular, cabinet-based display system designed around a continuous image surface and project-specific wall dimensions. LCD video walls are assembled from finished LCD panels and are often selected when lower initial investment or simpler panel-based deployment is the stronger priority.
| Category | Indoor Fine Pitch LED Video Wall | Indoor LCD Video Wall |
|---|---|---|
| Screen Seam / Bezel | Seamless visual surface with no fixed panel bezel lines | Visible bezel lines remain between LCD panels |
| Screen Size Flexibility | Highly flexible within module and cabinet geometry; suitable for custom wall dimensions and aspect ratios | Built from fixed LCD panel sizes, so final dimensions are constrained by panel geometry |
| Close Viewing | Strong close-view performance when the correct fine pixel pitch is selected | High native pixel density, but bezel lines remain visible across the wall |
| Image Continuity | One continuous canvas for dashboards, maps, video and presentation content | Content is visually interrupted by physical panel borders |
| Brightness & Color Uniformity | Can be calibrated as one complete LED wall using point-by-point brightness and chromaticity correction | Individual panels can develop visible brightness or color differences as they age |
| Black Level / Contrast | Strong contrast potential, influenced by LED package, pixel pitch, surface treatment and ambient light | Black level is influenced by LCD panel type and backlight system |
| Maintenance | Module-, receiving-card- and power-supply-level service; front maintenance is available on selected systems | Panel-level replacement is common when a display unit fails |
| Future Service / Replacement | Modular service is convenient, but spare modules from the same production batch should be planned to preserve color consistency | Matching an older LCD panel model may become difficult after product discontinuation |
| Custom Wall Shape / Size | Well suited to wide, narrow, panoramic or non-standard rectangular display walls | Less flexible because the wall is based on fixed finished-panel dimensions |
| Initial Investment | Usually higher, especially at smaller pixel pitches | Usually lower for standard panel-based video walls |
| Long-Term Cost | Depends on operating hours, power, spare parts, maintenance strategy and project lifetime | Depends on panel replacement, backlight aging, model availability and maintenance strategy |
| Best Fit | Mission-critical, premium and seamless large-format indoor display walls | Budget-sensitive projects where panel bezels are acceptable |
LCD video walls remain a practical solution when the project does not require a truly seamless visual surface.
For these projects, fine-pitch LED is normally evaluated as a complete engineered display wall rather than as a collection of individual screens.
| Application | Typical Technology Direction | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Control Room / Command Center | Indoor Fine Pitch LED | Seamless dashboards, maps and dense real-time information |
| Broadcast Studio | Indoor Fine Pitch LED | Continuous image surface and high-refresh configurations |
| Executive Boardroom | Indoor Fine Pitch LED or All-in-One LED | Premium presentation without panel bezels |
| Brand Showroom / Enterprise Lobby | Indoor Fine Pitch LED | Custom dimensions and stronger architectural integration |
| Cost-Sensitive Small Video Wall | LCD Video Wall | Lower initial investment when bezel lines are acceptable |
| Simple Multi-Screen Monitoring | LCD Video Wall or individual LCD displays | Suitable when seamless continuity is not essential |
For professional indoor projects, we normally recommend comparing the technologies based on viewing distance, visual continuity, screen dimensions, operating hours, maintenance strategy and total project lifetime rather than only the initial purchase price.
If the display is a mission-critical control surface, a premium presentation wall or a major architectural visual feature, Indoor Fine Pitch LED is usually the stronger long-term direction. If budget is the dominant factor and panel bezels are acceptable, an LCD video wall can still be the more economical solution.
| Factor | P-Series Indoor Fine Pitch LED | All-in-One LED Display |
|---|---|---|
| Product Form | Project-built modular LED video wall | Integrated finished LED display |
| Size | Custom width / height within cabinet geometry | Standard finished sizes |
| Installation | Project structure and system engineering required | More standardized deployment |
| Best For | Control rooms, custom walls, professional installations | Meeting rooms needing a ready integrated display |
| Factor | P-Series Indoor Fine Pitch LED | Outdoor Fine Pitch LED |
|---|---|---|
| Environment | Indoor | Outdoor / semi-outdoor |
| Brightness | ≤500 cd/m² reference | Much higher brightness required |
| Protection | IP3X module / IP5X cabinet reference | Outdoor weatherproof design required |
| Structure | Indoor cabinet + mounting frame | Outdoor-rated cabinet / sealing / structure |
| Best For | Control rooms, boardrooms, retail interiors | Outdoor signage, façades and public display |
These six installations show indoor video walls in control rooms, meeting spaces, public interiors and curved venues. They are application references with P1.25, P1.667 and P1.875 configurations; confirm the exact module and cabinet specification for any new P-Series project.
Fuyang City Integrated Command Center, Anhui. A large indoor monitoring wall for surveillance feeds, live data and multiple information windows.
Fusui, Guangxi. A wide-format indoor LED installation for briefings, training content and video presentation.
Nanjing South Railway Station, Jiangsu. An indoor large-format display for passenger information, advertising and brand content.
Korla Center, Xinjiang. An inner-arc LED installation that follows the venue architecture for immersive indoor presentations.
A Beijing media office installation for presentations, briefings and detailed visual content.
A corporate conference room in Jiaxing, Zhejiang. A compact indoor LED wall for meetings and presentations.
A reliable LED-wall quotation needs the pixel pitch, screen dimensions, cabinet matrix, processor, structure, maintenance method and spare-parts scope. Site photos and viewing distance are often more useful than only asking for a $/m² price.
It is an indoor modular LED video wall using small pixel-pitch LED modules to create a seamless large-format image surface for close or medium viewing.
Yes. Fine Pitch LED is the more natural English industry term; Indoor Small Spacing LED is another common description of the same product category.
The COB-series reference specification lists COB0.78, COB0.9, COB1.25 and COB1.56, each using a 600 × 337.5 × 30 mm cabinet. This is a separate platform from the P1.25–P2.5 modular P-Series.
P is the main 320 × 160 mm module platform. K, N, T and THH provide different cabinet sizes and thicknesses, with their own pitch ranges and specifications. Compare the physical format and project requirements before selection.
The standard reference P-series includes P1.25, P1.53, P1.86, P2.0 and P2.5.
The P-series reference module size is 320 × 160 mm for all five listed pixel pitches.
The matching cabinet platform is approximately 640 × 480 × 63–63.5 mm depending on pitch.
Start with viewing distance. For close indoor viewing, P1.25 is often the best-value starting point. Review content detail, total resolution and budget before choosing a larger pitch or a premium COB0.78 / COB0.9 option.
No. P1.25 offers higher pixel density for close viewing, while P2.5 can be more economical at longer distances. An initial distance estimate is about 5 m, while our project experience is around 5–6 m for a smoother image. This is not a strict pixel-invisibility threshold; verify with the actual content and site.
The source specification lists indoor brightness at ≤500 cd/m² for the P1.25, P1.53, P1.86, P2.0 and P2.5 reference modules.
The source specification lists ≥3840 Hz for P1.25, P1.53, P1.86 and P2.0, and ≥1920–3840 Hz for P2.5.
Yes. We normally keep a stable module/cabinet platform and customize total screen size, cabinet count, mounting structure, processor, maintenance method and installation around the site.
Selected indoor cabinet systems can support front maintenance. The service method should be confirmed before wall structure design.
No. These reference modules are specified for indoor use. Outdoor projects require a different brightness, weather protection and cabinet design.
It is better when seamless presentation, custom wall dimensions and one continuous visual surface are important. LCD may be more practical when initial cost is the main priority.
A complete system can include LED modules, cabinets, receiving cards, power supplies, sending card or video processor, data/power cables, mounting structure, calibration and spare parts.
The same square-meter area can use different pitches, cabinet counts, processors, structures, maintenance methods and spare parts. A reliable project quotation needs the complete system scope.
Please provide screen width × height, installation location, viewing distance, preferred pitch if known, content type, wall/site photos, maintenance requirement, quantity and project schedule.
Send the wall dimensions, viewing distance, site photos and application. We can recommend a pitch from the viewing distance, then compare P-Series and COB only where the project requires it.
COB or modular P-Series? Start with the actual viewing distance. We can evaluate P1.25 as the close-view value option, then review resolution, cabinet count and budget before considering COB0.78 or COB0.9.
Please share your application, display size, quantity and project background. We will review the most practical display direction.
